Attitudes Toward Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1348 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2019/05/27 Category Law Essay Level High school Tags: Assisted Suicide Essay Euthanasia Essay Did you like this example? Introduction Death is a sensitive topic for most people. The death of a person or of a loved one is an event that is ritualized across the globe. Death therefore is defined as the permanent cessation of all vital functions that sustains the life of an organism. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Attitudes Toward Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide" essay for you Create order Physician Assisted Suicide is defined as the suicide of a patient by drug prescription with the provided help of a physician. Through this way, terminally ill patients are able to end their life and leave earth in a dignified way. It is currently legalized in six out of fifty US states and in some other countries such as Belgium, Canada, and Switzerland. The option to go through the PAS is only limited to people who are currently terminally ill. Terminally ill patients are defined as people who have illnesses which are either incurable, or no treatment would be effective any more. Aside from the fact that these terminally ill patients would die in their own way and in their own desired time, they also claim that this would help in the reduction of treatment costs that is not only burden to the patient themselves but also to their families who they would leave behind whether they go through it or not. Some people disagree to PAS being legalized across the country because they claim th at the terminally ill person may be mentally impaired as well; and that this practice also goes against the physicians Hippocratic Oath. Most people who are interested in the legalization and dismissal of this movement are politicians, physicians, families, and the terminally ill patients themselves. Body Claim Terminally ill patients are the only ones legally recognized that can be a candidate for the claim. 70% of people who opt to go through the PAS program are cancer patients. Mostly are people with old age, are white, and are well-educated. To be considered, the person should also be a resident of either one of the states where the statute is legalized. Aside from being terminally ill physically, the person should be of sound mind to be considered. This means that the person should not be going through mental health issues that can be a reason why they choosing to do the procedure. They should be able to communicate well on their own with their health care providers and be able to verbalize their full consent. In regards to their illness, they should be diagnosed to die within the next six months or less and their illness should be approved as a reasonable medical illness that is terminal. Aside from being verbally competent, the person should also be able to take the medicine on their own. The physicianrs job is only to prescribe and be there during the procedure to make sure the person is decided to do it and to make sure the drug worked afterwards. Basically to pronounce and confirm time of death. They cannot administer it themselves nor can other family members. The person themselves should be able to do it alone. The choice whether they should be alone when doing it or with family members is dependent on their choice. Also, there must be two physicians who had approved of the persons eligibility. Second opinions are required not optional. It must be proved that the person is really terminally ill to be a candidate for the program. (Emanuel, Onwuteaka-Philipsen, Urwin, and Cohen, 2016). Only eight states out of fifty in the United States has Physician Assisted Suicide legalized. This includes California, Colorado, District of Columbia, Hawaii (takes effect on January 1, 2019), Montana, Oregon, Vermont, and Washington (Death with Dignity, 2018). This past several years, the legalization of this act across the country has been focused on. Especially the state of Michigan, where Dr. Jack Kevorkian is one of the most famous supporter who had prompted huge actions towards its legalization. This topic is very sensitive because of the ethics that it goes against. The issue on hand that makes it impossible for it to be legalized on all states is whether it is ethical that the entire country and its society should allow any form of suicide. But that issue goes against the main purpose for legalizing it which is to provide relief from further suffering of those who are terminally ill, individual autonomy which is basically freedom of choice. And if ever it is legalized and th e issue about the society allowing its social values to be changed, is whether doctors should participate. As healers, this practice goes against what they believe in (Bachman, Alcser, Doukas, Lichtenstein, Richard, and Corning, 1996). Although controversial and widely spread issue, only a few people go through the program. According to studies, only about 20% of the US population was reported to have requested for said procedure and only 5% of that actually went through with it. In Oregon and Washington combined, only 1% of physicians reported to have written prescription for the medication used in the procedure. (Emanuel, Onwuteaka-Philipsen, Urwin, and Cohen, 2016). Relief from pain is not the main reason why terminally ill patients decide to go through this route they see it as dying with dignity and control rather than being controlled by their illness. According to studies, a big chunk of the people who request or go through with PAS, are on palliative care. This means that they are no longer going through extensive procures or surgeries and they are only being given comforting measures to help with their condition but not with the goal to cure them anymore. They do not report to be complaining of pain but instead, they are motivated by their situation and where they are at. Having to stay at a hospice or a nursing home or even at home with having nothing to do other than lay in bed all day can be terribly depressing and degrading. That is why people who decide on the PAS mostly wants to be free to decide to die with dignity. It is not the pain, it is the idea that they are losing grasp of their lives and the last resort to have the satisfact ion of control again is to decide to commit to physician assisted suicide. (Emanuel, Onwuteaka-Philipsen, Urwin, and Cohen, 2016). Conclusion I, therefore, conclude that the legalization of the physician assisted suicide is an issue with a lot of pros and cons. But setting aside all the political and legal issues correlated to this topic, we should always consider why it is being moved to be legalized in the first place. It is to give comfort and dignity to those who are terminally ill and wants to die knowing that they are leaving with peace of mind and heart. This issue is not legalizing suicide in general, it is still regulated and is only applicable to people with terminally ill patients. It is not saying yes to death. It is saying yes to have a say about how you want your life to be when youre facing a terminal illness. Learning more about this issue only made me more knowledgeable about it and it made me agree with it more. Before I have researched thoroughly about this topic, I have had an idea about it and I completely agree with it. It makes me sad that they had no other choice other than death but I also consider their feelings and their situation. And if the only and last option to comfort them and give them peace is to let them o and allow them to go through physician assisted suicide, then so be it. Reference Bachman, J., Alcser, K., Doukas, D., Lichtenstein, R., Corning, A. (1996). Attitudes of Michigan physicians and the public toward legalizing physician-assisted suicide and voluntary euthanasia. The New England Journal of Medicine; Boston,334(5), 303- 309. Retrieved from https://searchproquestcom.westcoastuniversity.idm.oclc.org/ healthcomplete/docview/223980812/EC789ED72B084982PQ/13?accountid=162765. Death with Dignity. (2018, April 5). How to Access and Use Death with Dignity Laws. Retrieved from https://www.deathwithdignity.org/learn/access/ Emanuel, E., Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B., Urwin, J., Cohen, J. (2016). Attitudes and Practices of Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide in the United States, Canada, and Europe. ProQuest,316(1).

Eating disorders amongst teenagers - 900 Words

Eating disorders amongst teenagers The initial step I took in my search for books on my topic was by writing into Deakin library home page search engine: ‘eating disorders teenagers.’ I was then able to narrow down the results by clicking onto the books only selection on the left hand side of the page. As I was searching from home, I clicked on the Internet option over the physical book. By clicking onto the Ebook Library (owned titles) under the ‘status’ category, it opened up another window directing me to Deakin library’s login services. After typing my username and password in, I was able to view the full record of the book. By clicking onto the contents category at the top of the page, I was able to successfully obtain the front†¦show more content†¦Once I was on the Yahoo directory, I came upon different categories and clicked onto the health category. Following the health category came sub categories of which I clicked onto the option of childhood obesity. Once I ha d done as such, I was given results for many websites regarding eating disorders. By clicking onto the second result, I obtained my first website. I then successfully took a screenshot of the first page. For my final search, the search via advanced search in Google for a website, I literally typed in Google advanced search into Google. Following this, I then typed ‘eating disorders amongst teenagers’ into the search box of ‘all these words.’ For narrowing down my search, I had chosen English for the language and Australia for the region. The first result provided was the website I chose. Word count: 519 PART B: == Reference Allen, K, Mori, T, Beilin, L, Byrne, S, Hickling, S, Oddy, W 2013, Dietary intake in population-based adolescents: support for a relationship between eating disorder symptoms, low fatty acid intake and depressive symptoms, Journal Of Human Nutrition Dietetics, 26, 5, pp. 459-469, Academic Search Complete, EBSCOhost, viewed 24 April 2014. 2014, Alliance for a Healthier Generation, American Heart Association Clinton foundation, 24 Aril 2014, https://www.healthiergeneration.org/. Couturier, J, Kimber, M, Szatmari, PShow MoreRelatedThe Media Responsible For Females Essay1679 Words   |  7 PagesDissertation – Chapter 2 Is the media responsible for females, especially youths, for having low self-esteem and lack of confidence? Is the media responsible for the development of eating behaviours and disorders? In a culture with saturated media, the powerful influence upon women and younger girls is a continuous debate. 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Loneliness in Hamlet Free Essays

Loneliness in Hamlet The article â€Å"Personal and Social Influences on Loneliness: The Mediating Effect of Social Provisions† defined loneliness by stating, â€Å"First, loneliness is thought to result from perceived deficiencies in one’s social world. Second, loneliness is thought to be a subjective state experienced by the individual, rather than some objective feature in the individual’s social world. Third, this experience frequently is unpleasant and distressing† (Kraus et al. We will write a custom essay sample on Loneliness in Hamlet or any similar topic only for you Order Now 85). Everyone faces loneliness and despair in their lives. In today’s world people may feel misunderstood or isolated, or they could feel deficient because the lack a family or missing a loved one. In Hamlet, much of the loneliness and suffering he endures is due to the secrets he is forced to keep. There were many instances where Hamlet felt alone and upset, but he could not share his pain with anyone else. We can also find examples of Hamlet’s despair due to betrayal from his so-called friends. The loneliness and despair in Hamlet are factors that added to his suffering and caused his overall demise. Hamlet is a lonely, isolated character, with few friends and little faith in humanity. His loneliness plays a great role in his downfall, by alienating him from his friends and family and eventually taking control of his actions. He does not share the knowledge of his father’s murder with anyone. He can’t trust his friends and family, and he hides his true feelings from his only love, Ophelia, adding to her insanity. These events eventually lead to his downfall, and could have been avoided by sharing his dilemma. Throughout the play, Hamlet discovers who is loyal to him and also who his real enemies are. Right away, Hamlet dislikes his uncle. He is already distraught over losing his father, but he has also to deal with the marriage of his beloved mother to his uncle, who killed his father and whom he perceives as being cruel and cold-hearted. Hamlet refers to his uncle as, â€Å"A little more than kin, and less than kind† (1. 2. 564). This clearly demonstrates the extreme hatred Hamlet has towards his uncle. Hamlet also feels intensely betrayed by his mother. Claude Williamson states that â€Å"[†¦] the shock which he suffered on hearing of the murder and on realizing the full horror of his mother’s action made, as it were, a wound in his mind, which hurt whenever he thought of his uncle or of his mother’s connection with that uncle† (98). Hamlet trusted his mother and feels as if she has disregarded any love she ever felt towards her former husband. In Hamlet’s eyes, his mother has offended his father, and he blames her for his death. Hamlet says to his mother, â€Å"A bloody deed! Almost as bad, good mother, As kill a king, and marry with his brother† (3. 4. 621). This shows that he is revolted by the idea of the marriage between his uncle and his mother. Hamlet also encounters loneliness and despair with Ophelia. Due to his experiences throughout the play, Hamlet distances himself from Ophelia, whom he is actually in love with. He does this by insulting her and convincing her that he is mad and never had any true feelings for her. By pretending to be mad and not telling Ophelia about his true feelings, he is misleading her as well. Ophelia believed his affections were true and she fell in love, only to be crushed by his madness. However, in his madness, Hamlet came to see Ophelia in a disheveled state, â€Å"[†¦ ] with his doublet all unbraced, no hat upon his head, his stockings fouled, ungartered, and down-gyved to his ankle, pale as his shirt, his knees knocking [†¦ ]† and frightened her (2. 1. 585). Her father bid her not to speak to him, and she complied. Poor Hamlet sank deeper into his madness, alone and dejected. Ophelia, also depressed, was ready to take her own life. Hamlet is devastated because he never actually meant to hurt her. Hamlet says, â€Å"I loved Ophelia. Forty thousand brothers could not with all their quantity of love make up my sum† (5. 1. 654). This shows how much Hamlet truly loved Ophelia. The last factor that contributed to Hamlet’s loneliness is that he didn’t share his problems with anyone (except for Horatio). He hid his hatred towards his uncle, the loss he felt with his mother, and the secret of his encounter with his murdered father’s ghost. If he had told more people his secrets, then they could have been more willing to help him. The person who could have helped him the most and spared him the most grief is Ophelia. By telling her about his father’s murder and about his plan to avenge his death, Ophelia would have provided Hamlet with comfort and understanding. His tragic flaw came from the misleading act he put on in order to hide his ambitions, and the crafty schemes he came up with to reach his goals. However, some topics are so complex that Hamlet may face limitations in discussing them with people who are not as deep as he. Hamlet’s loneliness was caused by many incidents, some of which Hamlet brought upon him himself. Had he shared his problems with the few people he could trust, and not hidden the knowledge of his father’s murder, he might have avoided the great loss of his family, his friends, and his life. Secrets, deception, and despair plagued Hamlet throughout the play, and ultimately caused his downfall. It is important that we have support from our friends through difficult times. When we alienate people by keeping secrets from them, it is to our disadvantage. We cause our own loneliness. How to cite Loneliness in Hamlet, Essay examples

Loneliness in Hamlet Free Essays

Loneliness in Hamlet The article â€Å"Personal and Social Influences on Loneliness: The Mediating Effect of Social Provisions† defined loneliness by stating, â€Å"First, loneliness is thought to result from perceived deficiencies in one’s social world. Second, loneliness is thought to be a subjective state experienced by the individual, rather than some objective feature in the individual’s social world. Third, this experience frequently is unpleasant and distressing† (Kraus et al. We will write a custom essay sample on Loneliness in Hamlet or any similar topic only for you Order Now 85). Everyone faces loneliness and despair in their lives. In today’s world people may feel misunderstood or isolated, or they could feel deficient because the lack a family or missing a loved one. In Hamlet, much of the loneliness and suffering he endures is due to the secrets he is forced to keep. There were many instances where Hamlet felt alone and upset, but he could not share his pain with anyone else. We can also find examples of Hamlet’s despair due to betrayal from his so-called friends. The loneliness and despair in Hamlet are factors that added to his suffering and caused his overall demise. Hamlet is a lonely, isolated character, with few friends and little faith in humanity. His loneliness plays a great role in his downfall, by alienating him from his friends and family and eventually taking control of his actions. He does not share the knowledge of his father’s murder with anyone. He can’t trust his friends and family, and he hides his true feelings from his only love, Ophelia, adding to her insanity. These events eventually lead to his downfall, and could have been avoided by sharing his dilemma. Throughout the play, Hamlet discovers who is loyal to him and also who his real enemies are. Right away, Hamlet dislikes his uncle. He is already distraught over losing his father, but he has also to deal with the marriage of his beloved mother to his uncle, who killed his father and whom he perceives as being cruel and cold-hearted. Hamlet refers to his uncle as, â€Å"A little more than kin, and less than kind† (1. 2. 564). This clearly demonstrates the extreme hatred Hamlet has towards his uncle. Hamlet also feels intensely betrayed by his mother. Claude Williamson states that â€Å"[†¦] the shock which he suffered on hearing of the murder and on realizing the full horror of his mother’s action made, as it were, a wound in his mind, which hurt whenever he thought of his uncle or of his mother’s connection with that uncle† (98). Hamlet trusted his mother and feels as if she has disregarded any love she ever felt towards her former husband. In Hamlet’s eyes, his mother has offended his father, and he blames her for his death. Hamlet says to his mother, â€Å"A bloody deed! Almost as bad, good mother, As kill a king, and marry with his brother† (3. 4. 621). This shows that he is revolted by the idea of the marriage between his uncle and his mother. Hamlet also encounters loneliness and despair with Ophelia. Due to his experiences throughout the play, Hamlet distances himself from Ophelia, whom he is actually in love with. He does this by insulting her and convincing her that he is mad and never had any true feelings for her. By pretending to be mad and not telling Ophelia about his true feelings, he is misleading her as well. Ophelia believed his affections were true and she fell in love, only to be crushed by his madness. However, in his madness, Hamlet came to see Ophelia in a disheveled state, â€Å"[†¦ ] with his doublet all unbraced, no hat upon his head, his stockings fouled, ungartered, and down-gyved to his ankle, pale as his shirt, his knees knocking [†¦ ]† and frightened her (2. 1. 585). Her father bid her not to speak to him, and she complied. Poor Hamlet sank deeper into his madness, alone and dejected. Ophelia, also depressed, was ready to take her own life. Hamlet is devastated because he never actually meant to hurt her. Hamlet says, â€Å"I loved Ophelia. Forty thousand brothers could not with all their quantity of love make up my sum† (5. 1. 654). This shows how much Hamlet truly loved Ophelia. The last factor that contributed to Hamlet’s loneliness is that he didn’t share his problems with anyone (except for Horatio). He hid his hatred towards his uncle, the loss he felt with his mother, and the secret of his encounter with his murdered father’s ghost. If he had told more people his secrets, then they could have been more willing to help him. The person who could have helped him the most and spared him the most grief is Ophelia. By telling her about his father’s murder and about his plan to avenge his death, Ophelia would have provided Hamlet with comfort and understanding. His tragic flaw came from the misleading act he put on in order to hide his ambitions, and the crafty schemes he came up with to reach his goals. However, some topics are so complex that Hamlet may face limitations in discussing them with people who are not as deep as he. Hamlet’s loneliness was caused by many incidents, some of which Hamlet brought upon him himself. Had he shared his problems with the few people he could trust, and not hidden the knowledge of his father’s murder, he might have avoided the great loss of his family, his friends, and his life. Secrets, deception, and despair plagued Hamlet throughout the play, and ultimately caused his downfall. It is important that we have support from our friends through difficult times. When we alienate people by keeping secrets from them, it is to our disadvantage. We cause our own loneliness. How to cite Loneliness in Hamlet, Essay examples